A novel exact solution of the 2+1-dimensional radial Dirac equation for the generalized Dirac oscillator with the inverse potentials

The generalized Dirac oscillator as one of the exact solvable model in quantum mechanics was introduced in 2+1-dimensional world in this paper. What is more, the general expressions of the exact solutions for these models with the inverse cubic, quartic, quintic and sixtic power potentials in radial Dirac equation were further given by means of the Bethe ansatz method. And finally, the corresponding exact solutions in this paper were further discussed

Design and Simulation of Small Space Parallel Parking Fuzzy Controller

Based on the nonlinearity and time-variation of automatic parking path tracking control system, we use fuzzy control theories and methods to explore the control rules to improve fuzzy controllers and design an automobile steering controller. Then we build the simulation experiment platform of an automobile in Simulink to simulate the reversing settings of parallel parking. This paper adopts the Mamdani control rules; the membership function is the Gauss function. This paper verifies the fuzzy controller's kinematic model and the advantages of fuzzy control rules. Simulation results show that the design of the controller allows the automobile to stop into the parking space smaller than the space obtained by planning path, and automatic parking becomes possible in the parking plot. The control system is characterized by small tracking error, fast response and high reliability

Defect-Driven Efficient Selective CO2 Hydrogenation with Mo-Based Clusters

Synthetic fuels produced from CO2 show promise in combating climate change. The reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction is the key to opening the CO2 molecule, and CO serves as a versatile intermediate for creating various hydrocarbons. Mo-based catalysts are of great interest for RWGS reactions featured for their stability and strong metal–oxygen interactions. Our study identified Mo defects as the intrinsic origin of the high activity of cluster Mo2C for CO2-selective hydrogenation. Specifically, we found that defected Mo2C clusters supported on nitrogen-doped graphene exhibited exceptional catalytic performance, attaining a reaction rate of 6.3 gCO/gcat/h at 400 °C with over 99% CO selectivity and good stability. Such a catalyst outperformed other Mo-based catalysts and noble metal-based catalysts in terms of facile dissociation of CO2, highly selective hydrogenation, and nonbarrier liberation of CO. Our study revealed that as a potential descriptor, the atomic magnetism linearly correlates to the liberation capacity of CO, and Mo defects facilitated product desorption by reducing the magnetization of the adsorption site. On the other hand, the defects were effective in neutralizing the negative charges of surface hydrogen, which is crucial for selective hydrogenation. Finally, we have successfully demonstrated that the combination of a carbon support and the carbonization process synergistically serves as a feasible strategy for creating rich Mo defects, and biochar can be a low-cost alternative option for large-scale applications

Development of one-step SYBR Green real-time RT-PCR for quantifying bovine viral diarrhea virus type-1 and its comparison with conventional RT-PCR

Background Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a worldwide pathogen in cattle and acts as a surrogate model for hepatitis C virus (HCV). One-step real-time fluorogenic quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay based on SYBR Green I dye has not been established for BVDV detection. This study aims to develop a quantitative one-step RT-PCR assay to detect BVDV type-1 in cell culture. Results One-step quantitative SYBR Green I RT-PCR was developed by amplifying cDNA template from viral RNA and using in vitro transcribed BVDV RNA to establish a standard curve. The assay had a detection limit as low as 100 copies/ml of BVDV RNA, a reaction efficiency of 103.2%, a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.995, and a maximum intra-assay CV of 2.63%. It was 10-fold more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR and can quantitatively detect BVDV RNA levels from 10-fold serial dilutions of titrated viruses containing a titer from 10-1 to 10-5 TCID50, without non-specific amplification. Melting curve analysis showed no primer-dimers and non-specific products. Conclusions The one-step SYBR Green I RT-PCR is specific, sensitive and reproducible for the quantification of BVDV in cell culture. This one-step SYBR Green I RT-PCR strategy may be further optimized as a reliable assay for diagnosing and monitoring BVDV infection in animals. It may also be applied to evaluate candidate agents against HCV using BVDV cell culture model

Development of one-step SYBR Green real-time RT-PCR for quantifying bovine viral diarrhea virus type-1 and its comparison with conventional RT-PCR

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a worldwide pathogen in cattle and acts as a surrogate model for hepatitis C virus (HCV). One-step real-time fluorogenic quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay based on SYBR Green I dye has not been established for BVDV detection. This study aims to develop a quantitative one-step RT-PCR assay to detect BVDV type-1 in cell culture.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>One-step quantitative SYBR Green I RT-PCR was developed by amplifying cDNA template from viral RNA and using <it>in vitro </it>transcribed BVDV RNA to establish a standard curve. The assay had a detection limit as low as 100 copies/ml of BVDV RNA, a reaction efficiency of 103.2%, a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.995, and a maximum intra-assay CV of 2.63%. It was 10-fold more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR and can quantitatively detect BVDV RNA levels from 10-fold serial dilutions of titrated viruses containing a titer from 10^-1to 10^-5TCID₅₀, without non-specific amplification. Melting curve analysis showed no primer-dimers and non-specific products.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The one-step SYBR Green I RT-PCR is specific, sensitive and reproducible for the quantification of BVDV in cell culture. This one-step SYBR Green I RT-PCR strategy may be further optimized as a reliable assay for diagnosing and monitoring BVDV infection in animals. It may also be applied to evaluate candidate agents against HCV using BVDV cell culture model.</p

Contrasting dynamics and trait controls in first-order root compared with leaf litter decomposition

Decomposition is a key component of the global carbon (C) cycle, yet current ecosystem C models do not adequately represent the contributions of plant roots and their mycorrhizae to this process. The understanding of decomposition dynamics and their control by traits is particularly limited for the most distal first-order roots. Here we followed decomposition of first-order roots and leaf litter from 35 woody plant species differing in mycorrhizal type over 6 years in a Chinese temperate forest. First-order roots decomposed more slowly (k = 0.11 +/- 0.01 years(-1)) than did leaf litter (0.35 +/- 0.02 years(-1)), losing only 35% of initial mass on average after 6 years of exposure in the field. In contrast to leaf litter, nonlignin root C chemistry (nonstructural carbohydrates, polyphenols) accounted for 82% of the large interspecific variation in first-order root decomposition. Leaf litter from ectomycorrhizal (EM) species decomposed more slowly than that from arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) species, whereas first-order roots of EM species switched, after 2 years, from having slower to faster decomposition compared with those from AM species. The fundamentally different dynamics and control mechanisms of first-order root decomposition compared with those of leaf litter challenge current ecosystem C models, the recently suggested dichotomy between EM and AM plants, and the idea that common traits can predict decomposition across roots and leaves. Aspects of C chemistry unrelated to lignin or nitrogen, and not presently considered in decomposition models, controlled first-order root decomposition; thus, current paradigms of ecosystem C dynamics and model parameterization require revision.Peer reviewe

Dual-agonist occupancy of orexin receptor 1 and cholecystokinin A receptor heterodimers decreases G-protein-dependent signaling and migration in the human colon cancer cell line HT-29

The orexin (OX1R) and cholecystokinin A (CCK1R) receptors play opposing roles in the migration of the human colon cancer cell line HT-29, and may be involved in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. OX1R and CCK1R belong to family A of the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), but the detailed mechanisms underlying their functions in solid tumor development remain unclear. In this study, we investigated whether these two receptors heterodimerize, and the results revealed novel signal transduction mechanisms. Bioluminescence and Förster resonance energy transfer, as well as proximity ligation assays, demonstrated that OX1R and CCK1R heterodimerize in HEK293 and HT-29 cells, and that peptides corresponding to transmembrane domain 5 of OX1R impaired heterodimer formation. Stimulation of OX1R and CCK1R heterodimers with both orexin-A and CCK decreased the activation of Gαq, Gαi2, Gα12, and Gα13 and the migration of HT-29 cells in comparison with stimulation with orexin-A or CCK alone, but did not alter GPCR interactions with β-arrestins. These results suggest that OX1R and CCK1R heterodimerization plays an anti-migratory role in human colon cancer cells. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.